In the 18th century, Europe was in a state of constant flux. The age of enlightenment was in full swing and new ideas about reason, science, and progress were taking…
One way in which utilitarianism differs from Kantian deontology is in its view of intention and consequences. We covered this in ‘Utilitarianism: Going for the best outcome.’ A follow-up question…
What matters, rather than intention, is the outcome of actions. We justify the value of our deeds only on their results, be they useful, beneficial, or detrimental. This is how…
Kant distinguishes between two types of imperatives, or moral guides. Hypothetical imperatives tell us how to act in order to achieve a specific goal; they are related to actions based…
With modernity, as respect for science grew, so did the idea that the scientific model could be used in areas other than science. Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) wanted to…